Chords In-Depth Part 2

[T-Block]

I hope everyone enjoyed Part 1.  For Part 2, what I’m gonna do is go back through each of those chords I discussed in part 1 and give you yet another way to look at them.  This is gonna deal with the intervals that make up each chord.

Before I go on, here is a review of intervals:

Intervals

The term interval refers to the distance between 2 notes.  Here is a little breakdown of intervals used in music:


Intervals of 1, 4, and 5

These three intervals are the only intervals that get the name perfect intervals. Here are examples of these:

C-C = perfect unison
C-F = perfect 4th
C-G = perfect 5th

Now, let's say for instance you decide to raise the last note by 1/2 step:

C-F#

Do you still have a perfect 4th? No, now u have what is called an augmented 4th. Anytime you raise the last note of a perfect interval it becomes an augmented unison, 4th, or 5th:

C-C# = aumented unison
C-F# = augmented 4th (tritone)
C-G# = augmented 5th

Now, let's say for instance you decided to lower the last note by 1/2 step:

C-Fb

Do you still have a perfect 4th? No, now u have what is called a diminished 4th. Anytime you lower the last note of a perfect interval it becomes a diminished unison, 4th, or 5th:

C-Cb = diminished unison
C-Fb = diminished 4th
C-Gb = diminished 5th (tritone)


Intervals of 2, 3, 6, 7

These intervals are different from the other 3 cuz they can be major, minor, augmented, or diminshed intervals. First, I'll show the major intervals:

C-D = major 2nd
C-E = major 3rd
C-A = major 6th
C-B = major 7th

Now, to make these intervals minor, just lower the last note of the major interval 1/2 step:

C-Db = minor 2nd
C-Eb = minor 3rd
C-Ab = minor 6th
C-Bb = minor 7th

Now, to make these intervals augmented, just raise the last note or the major interal 1/2 step:

C-D# = augmented 2nd
C-E# = augmented 3rd
C-A# = augmented 6th
C-B# = augmented 7th

Now, to make these intervals diminished, just lower the last note or the major interal 1 whole step:

C-Dbb = diminshed 2nd
C-Ebb = diminished 3rd
C-Abb = diminished 6th
C-Bbb = diminished 7th

After you have reached the diminshed and augmented intervals, if the notes are raised or lowered again, it then becomes doubly augmented or diminished, triple augmented or diminished intervals, etc. 

Now, we are going to take a look at specific chords and break them down into the intervals that make them up.

[T-Block]

Major Chords


C major chord

C-E-G = C-E + E-G  Now, the first interval we have is C-E, which is a major 3rd.  The 2nd interval we have is E-G, which is a minor 3rd. Thus, we come to the conclusion that a major chord is made up of 2 intervals:  major 3rd on top, minor 3rd on bottom

*There is also a 3rd interval, C-G which is a perfect 5th between the root and last note.  This interval is not really necesarry to memorize cuz if you have your intervals of 3rds right, then the the interval of a 5th will already be present.  But it is good to know!!!

_______________________________________ _______________________________________ _

Here are the rest of the major chords from Part 1:


Cb major

Cb-Eb-Gb = Cb-Eb + Eb-Gb,  Cb-Eb = major 3rd,  Eb-Gb = minor 3rd


C# major

C#-E#-G# = C#-E# + E#-G#,  C#-E# = major 3rd,  E#-G# = minor 3rd


Db major

Db-F-Ab = Db-F + F-Ab,  Db-F = major 3rd,  F-Ab = minor 3rd


D major

D-F#-A# = D-F# + F#-A,  D-F# = major 3rd,  F#-A = minor 3rd


D# major

D#-F##-A# = D#-F## + F##-A#,  D#-F## = major 3rd,  F##-A# = minor 3rd


Eb major

Eb-G-B = Eb-G + G-Bb,  Eb-G = major 3rd,  G-Bb = minor 3rd


E major

E-G#-B = E-G# + G#-B,  E-G# = major 3rd,  G#-B = minor 3rd


E# major

E#-G##-B# = E#-G## + G##-B#,  E#-G## = major 3rd,  G##-B# = minor 3rd


Fb major

Fb-Ab-Cb = Fb-Ab + Ab-Cb,  Fb-Ab = major 3rd,  Ab-Cb = minor 3rd


F major

F-A-C = F-A + A-C,  F-A = major 3rd,  A-C = minor 3rd


F# major

F#-A#-C# = F#-A# + A#-C#,  F#-A# = major 3rd,  A#-C# = minor 3rd


Gb major

Gb-Bb-Db = Gb-Bb + Bb-Db,  Gb-Bb = major 3rd,  Bb-Db = minor 3rd


G major

G-B-D = G-B + B-D,  G-B = major 3rd,  B-D = minor 3rd


G# major

G#-B#-D# = G#-B# + B#-D#,  G#-B# = major 3rd,  B#-D# = minor 3rd


Ab major

Ab-C-Eb = Ab-C + C-Eb,  Ab-C = major 3rd,  C-Eb = minor 3rd


A major

A-C#-E = A-C# + C#-E,  A-C# = major 3rd,  C#-E = minor 3rd


A# major

A#-C##-E# = A#-C## + C##-E#,  A#-C## = major 3rd,  C##-E# = minor 3rd


Bb major

Bb-D-F = Bb-D + D-F,  Bb-D = major 3rd,  D-F = minor 3rd


B major

B-D#-F# = B-D# + D#-F#,  B-D# = major 3rd,  D#-F# = minor 3rd


B# major

B#-D##-F## = B#-D## + D#-F##,  B#-D## = major 3rd,  D##-F## = minor 3rd

[T-Block]

Minor Chords

C minor chord

C-Eb-G = C-Eb + Eb-G  Now, the first interval we have is C-Eb, which is a minor 3rd.  The 2nd interval we have is Eb-G, which is a major 3rd.  Thus, we come to the conclusion that a minor chord is also made up of 2 intervals:  minor 3rd on the top, major 3rd on the bottom

_______________________________________ _______________________________________

Here are the rest of the minor chords from Part 1:


Cb minor

Cb-Ebb-Gb = Cb-Ebb + Ebb-Gb,  Cb-Ebb = minor 3rd,  Ebb-Gb = major 3rd


C# minor

C#-E-G# = C#-E + E-G#,  C#-E = minor 3rd,  E-G# = major 3rd


Db minor

Db-Fb-Ab = Db-Fb + Fb-Ab,  Db-Fb = minor 3rd,  Fb-Ab = major 3rd


D minor

D-F-A = D-F + F-A,  D-F = minor 3rd,  F-A = major 3rd


D# minor

D#-F#-A# = D#-F# + F#-A#,  D#-F# = minor 3rd,  F#-A# = major 3rd


Eb minor

Eb-Gb-Bb = Eb-Gb + Gb-Bb,  Eb-Gb = minor 3rd,  Gb-Bb = major 3rd


E minor

E-G-B = E-G + G-B,  E-G = minor 3rd,  G-B = major 3rd


E# minor

E#-G#-B# = E#-G# + G#-B#,  E#-G# = minor 3rd,  G#-B# = major 3rd


Fb minor

Fb-Abb-Cb = Fb-Abb + Abb-Cb,  Fb-Abb = minor 3rd,  Abb-Cb = major 3rd


F minor

F-Ab-C = F-Ab + Ab-C,  F-Ab = minor 3rd,  Ab-C = major 3rd


F# minor

F#-A-C# = F#-A + A-C#,  F#-A = minor 3rd,  A-C# = major 3rd


Gb minor

Gb-Bbb-Db = Gb-Bbb + Bbb-Db,  Gb-Bbb = minor 3rd,  Bbb-Db = major 3rd


G minor

G-Bb-D = G-Bb + Bb-D,  G-Bb = minor 3rd,  Bb-D = major 3rd


G# minor

G#-B-D# = G#-B + B-D#,  G-B = minor 3rd,  B-D# = major 3rd


Ab minor

Ab-Cb-Eb = Ab-Cb + Cb-Eb,  Ab-Cb = minor 3rd,  Cb-Eb = major 3rd


A minor

A-C-E = A-C + C-E,  A-C = minor 3rd,  C-E = major 3rd


A# minor

A#-C#-E# = A#-C# + C#-E#,  A#-C# = minor 3rd,  C#-E# = major 3rd


Bb minor

Bb-Db-F = Bb-Db + Db-F,  Bb-Db = minor 3rd,  Db-F = major 3rd


B minor

B-D-F# = B-D + D-F#,  B-D = minor 3rd,  D-F# = major 3rd


B# minor

B#-D#-F## = B#-D# + D#-F##,  B#-D# = minor 3rd,  D#-F## = major 3rd

[T-Block]

Diminished Chords

C diminished chord

C-Eb-Gb = C-Eb + Eb-Gb  Now, the first interval we have is C-Eb, which is a minor 3rd.  The 2nd interval we have is Eb-Gb, which is also a minor 3rd.  Thus, we come to the conclusion that a dimished chord is also made up of 2 intervals:  minor 3rd on the top, minor 3rd on the bottom

_______________________________________ _______________________________________

Here are the rest of the diminished chords from Part 1:


Cb diminished

Cb-Ebb-Gbb = Cb-Ebb + Ebb-Gbb,  Cb-Ebb = minor 3rd,  Ebb-Gbb = minor 3rd


C# diminished

C#-E-G = C#-E + E-G,  C#-E = minor 3rd,  E-G = minor 3rd


Db diminished

Db-Fb-Abb = Db-Fb + Fb-Abb,  Db-Fb = minor 3rd,  Fb-Abb = minor 3rd


D diminished

D-F-Ab = D-F + F-Ab,  D-F = minor 3rd,  F-Ab = minor 3rd


D# diminished

D#-F#-A = D#-F# + F#-A,  D#-F# = minor 3rd,  F#-A = minor 3rd


Eb diminished

Eb-Gb-Bbb = Eb-Gb + Gb-Bbb,  Eb-Gb = minor 3rd,  Gb-Bbb = minor 3rd


E diminished

E-G-Bb = E-G + G-Bb,  E-G = minor 3rd,  G-Bb = minor 3rd


E# diminished

E#-G#-B = E#-G# + G#-B,  E#-G# = minor 3rd,  G#-B = minor 3rd


Fb diminished

Fb-Abb-Cbb = Fb-Abb + Abb-Cbb,  Fb-Abb = minor 3rd,  Abb-Cbb = minor 3rd


F diminished

F-Ab-Cb = F-Ab + Ab-Cb,  F-Ab = minor 3rd,  Ab-Cb = minor 3rd


F# diminished

F#-A-C = F#-A + A-C,  F#-A = minor 3rd,  A-C = minor 3rd


Gb diminished

Gb-Bbb-Dbb = Gb-Bbb + Bbb-Dbb,  Gb-Bbb = minor 3rd,  Bbb-Dbb = minor 3rd


G diminished

G-Bb-Db = G-Bb + Bb-Db,  G-Bb = minor 3rd,  Bb-Db = minor 3rd


G# diminished

G#-B-D = G#-B + B-D,  G#-B = minor 3rd,  B-D = minor 3rd


Ab diminished

Ab-Cb-Ebb = Ab-Cb + Cb-Ebb,  Ab-Cb = minor 3rd,  Cb-Ebb = minor 3rd


A diminished

A-C-Eb = A-C + C-Eb,  A-C = minor 3rd,  C-Eb = minor 3rd


A# diminished

A#-C#-E = A#-C# + C#-E,  A#-C# = minor 3rd,  C#-E = minor 3rd


Bb diminished

Bb-Db-Fb = Bb-Db + Db-Fb,  Bb-Db = minor 3rd,  Db-Fb = minor 3rd


B diminished

B-D-F = B-D + D-F,  B-D = minor 3rd,  D-F = minor 3rd


B# diminished

B#-D#-F# = B#-D# + D#-F#,  B#-D# = minor 3rd,  D#-F# = minor 3rd

[T-Block]

Augmented Chords

C augmented chord

C-E-G# = C-E + E-G#  Now, the first interval we have is C-E, which is a major 3rd.  The 2nd interval we have is E-G#, which is also a major 3rd. Thus, we come to the conclusion that an augmented chord is made up of 2 intervals:  major 3rd on top, majoor 3rd on bottom

_______________________________________ _______________________________________

Here are the rest of the major chords from Part 1:


Cb augmented

Cb-Eb-G = Cb-Eb + Eb-G,  Cb-Eb = major 3rd,  Eb-G = major 3rd


C# augmented

C#-E#-G## = C#-E# + E#-G##,  C#-E# = major 3rd,  E#-G## = major 3rd


Db augmented

Db-F-A = Db-F + F-A,  Db-F = major 3rd,  F-A = major 3rd


D augmented

D-F#-A# = D-F# + F#-A#,  D-F# = major 3rd,  F#-A# = major 3rd


D# augmented

D#-F##-A## = D#-F## + F##-A##,  D#-F## = major 3rd,  F##-A## = major 3rd


Eb augmented

Eb-G-B = Eb-G + G-B,  Eb-G = major 3rd,  G-B = major 3rd


E augmented

E-G#-B# = E-G# + G#-B#,  E-G# = major 3rd,  G#-B# = major 3rd


E# augmented

E#-G##-B## = E#-G## + G##-B##,  E#-G## = major 3rd,  G##-B## = major 3rd


Fb augmented

Fb-Ab-C = Fb-Ab + Ab-C,  Fb-Ab = major 3rd,  Ab-C = major 3rd


F augmented

F-A-C# = F-A + A-C#,  F-A = major 3rd,  A-C# = major 3rd


F# augmented

F#-A#-C## = F#-A# + A#-C##,  F#-A# = major 3rd,  A#-C## = major 3rd


Gb augmented

Gb-Bb-D = Gb-Bb + Bb-D,  Gb-Bb = major 3rd,  Bb-D = major 3rd


G augmented

G-B-D# = G-B + B-D#,  G-B = major 3rd,  B-D# = major 3rd


G# augmented

G#-B#-D## = G#-B# + B#-D##,  G#-B# = major 3rd,  B#-D## = major 3rd


Ab augmented

Ab-C-E = Ab-C + C-E,  Ab-C = major 3rd,  C-E = major 3rd


A augmented

A-C#-E# = A-C# + C#-E#,  A-C# = major 3rd,  C#-E# = major 3rd


A# augmented

A#-C##-E## = A#-C## + C##-E##,  A#-C## = major 3rd,  C##-E## = major 3rd


Bb augmented

Bb-D-F# = Bb-D + D-F#,  Bb-D = major 3rd,  D-F# = major 3rd


B augmented

B-D#-F## = B-D# + D#-F##,  B-D# = major 3rd,  D#-F## = major 3rd


B# augmented

B#-D##-F### = B#-D## + D##-F###,  B#-D## = major 3rd,  D##-F### = major 3rd

[T-Block]

Well, that's all the basic chords you will ever encounter with the intervals that make up each one.  The topic is now unlocked, feel free to post away.  Enjoy everyone!!!   

[musallio]

  :oMan! oh ma! oh man!!

I never thought that I'd have to learn all this stuff from another perspective..But it seems like it's all worth it..
I have to print it out & read it when I'm not in a rush

Thank you so much for this excellent piece of work you have presented

C-G = augmented 5th

I just spotted this typo while reading (1st post)...But great work man..it's easy to make mistakes here but you've been very accurate (& the advanced guys aren't very keen on reading such stuff, but I don't mind checking out with any other "silent eyes" out there )

[T-Block]

I just spotted this typo while reading (1st post)...But great work man..it's easy to make mistakes here but you've been very accurate (& the advanced guys aren't very keen on reading such stuff, but I don't mind checking out with any other "silent eyes" out there )

Good looking out man, I fixed it. 

No matter how advanced u are, it's always good to know and remember the little so called "elementary" stuff.  I mean, when u break music down all the way, this is what it boils down to anyway.

[musallio]

 

No matter how advanced u are, it's always good to know and remember the little so called "elementary" stuff.  I mean, when u break music down all the way, this is what it boils down to anyway.

Yep & AMEN to that man

[SisterCM]

Thank you T-Block!  This is great!