This is some very helpful information Danatimaestro. My question is: When you say flat something or sharp something, does sharp me up a key and does flat mean down a key? I guess that I am just asking you to explain things like b5, b7, b11 and #5, #7, and #11 etc. Thank you and be encouraged.
Flats (b) and Sharps (#)Whenever you flat (b) a note, it means to lower that note 1/2 step. No matter how many flats (b) you see, for each one you lower the note 1/2 step. Here are some examples:
Bb = B lowered 1/2 step
Bbb = B lowered two 1/2 steps
Bbbb = B lowered three 1/2 steps
etc.
Whenever you sharp (#) a note, it means to raise that note 1/2 step. No matter how many sharps (#) you see, for each one you raise the note 1/2 step. Here are some examples:
B# = B raised 1/2 step
B## = B raisedtwo 1/2 steps
B### = B raised three 1/2 steps
etc.
Then, of course the number part of things like b5 or #5 mean scale degrees. So, b5 means the 5th scale degree lowered 1/2 step.
And just in case you don't know what a 1/2 step is:
Movement on the keyboardThe first movement is a half step (HS or 1/2 step). A half step is from one key to the very next key, regardless of color or direction. Here are some examples: F to F#, F# to F, B to C, C to B, D to Eb, Eb to D, etc.
The second movement is a whole step (WS or 1 step). A whole step is from one key to the very next key w/one in between, regardless of color of direction. Here are some examples: F to G, G to F, B to C#, C# to B, Db to Eb, Eb to Db, etc.